Skin cleaning composition



Patented Sept. 9, 1952 TED "PATENT 12,610,153 1 TJSKITNIZOEEANING COMPOSITION Leonard Ll M'cKinney and John C. 'Cowan, Peoria, "111., assignors tothe United States of'America asrepresentedby; the Secretary of Agriculture w'NmDrawin gn Application October v11, 19.49, i I i sel'i-al No. 120,807

"z' ola-ims. (01. 252-130) utGranted'mnder :the act of'ilMarchf3, f1883,-as

This application is made underthe act of March 3,1883, asamended bytheact of April 30,

"1928, and the invention herein described, if patented in any country, may be manufactured andused' by or. for'the 'Government or-tne United States of America =for governmental purposes throughout the world without the payment to us of any royalty thereon.

'This invention relates to cleaning composit ons and, more particularly, to skin cleaning compositions 1 containing detergent .and emulsifying ingradients together=-with a mildabrasive or rubbing agent. i

.Among the objects ofthis invention is the provision of a novel and improved skin cleaningcom- A position containing :asmild abrasive a chemically treated re'sidueobtained -as a *byproduct in the extraction of oil, proteins and other products from soybeans. Another object is to provide an abrasive-containing cleaning composition from soybean residue which it does not leave a sticky glue-like film on the skin after use, and any residue left in washbasins, drains, etc., does not putrefy or ferment. Still another objectof the moved contains a considerable quantity of protein which is usually recovered by extraction with alkali or acid solvents leaving a residue having a greatly reduced protein content which contains a relatively large "proportion of Jcrude fiber and other relatively inactive constituents. This material is of little value in feeds and is in general a byproduct of low value.

This residue has been suggested as an ingredient in hand soaps as a substitute for the usual mineral or organic abrasives ordinarily found in such cleaners. Heretofore, however, cleaning compositions containing the residue have been relatively unsatisfactory since they dissolve somewhat in the wet soap mixture, have relatively poor abrasiveness when soaked in water and leave the hands sticky as if a film of glue were present.

It has been found that these disadvantages of such prior cleaning compositions have been largely due to the residual protein remaining after alkali or acid extraction. This residual protein usually amounts to 20 to 30 percent by weight of the residue, and under the strongly solvent action of the aqueous media present during cleaning operations tends to dissolve or disperse. As a result a film is deposited upon the 1 skin which is di fiicultly soluble in-Wa-ter andhence cannot easily be removed by rinsing. Moreover,

partial dispersion of the protein jtends' to--s'o'ften the residue to -such-an-extent thatits a-brasive qualities are materially reduced; and theresi'due itself rendered undesirablysticky. j a consequenceit tends to adhere-"to crevices in-thefiwash bowl and othenfittings where it -remains to putrefy or ferment, causing disagreeable "odors.

In accordance with this invention thesoybean residue is treatedwithformaldehyde, rendering the residual protein substantiallyfinsolubletand undispersable even during-therstrongsolvent-nonditions of use.

treated do not.sottenctozthezpointtofiasemiesolution but remain 'as'discrete particlesripnssessing mild :The ipa-rticlesz ofxresidue Ethus abrasive :properties. w-Moreovergno undesirable film: is left .onfthe rskinvafterzuse. 'The abrasive particles, :;although :so'mewh at s'oitened and iswelled have. a greatly reduced tendency to -adhere to. the wash bowl or drains. "-Everi-tlioseparti'cles which might become lodgedfimcrevides have no tendency to putre'fyor ferment. Furthermore,

the'swlled particles tendto 'adsorbj-grase-and dirt facilitating removal fromthehands; Bars-"or cakes comprising our mild" abrasive possess-an excellent shelf life.

Obviously, this invention .may, .be applied to "whole soybean meal in which the oilihasibeenremoved; but thejh ighegrade protein contenthof this original meal-is of considerable -valueinlother uses. .f For thisreason .the residual. meal is greatly preferred in' this; invention; ,-.In either l case, {the formaldehyde treatment hardens the protein :and

renders it insoluble thus greatly improving the material as an ingredient in cleaning compositions. The formaldehyde treated residue is light tan in color and when ground to 20/60 mesh weighs 0.70.8 gram per cubic centimeter.

In carrying out the invention the formaldehyde-treated residual soybean meal may be ground to pass a screen of the desired size, for example 20 mesh or finer. It is then mixed with surface active material such as detergent or emulsifying ingredients which may be carbonates,

borates or phosphates of the alkali metals, fatty ous emulsifying and detergent ingredients may be used singly or in any desired combination.

In general, the formaldehyde-treated residual soybean meal should comprise, to 60 percent of the total composition, about percent being preferred.

The formaldehyde treatment of the residue may be carried out in any of a variety of simple ways. For example, the moist residue from the protein extraction step may be conveyed to a heated chamber and subjected therein to formaldehyde vapors. The moist treated meal may then be dried directly, care being taken that excess formaldehyde be substantially removed from the treated residue before discharge.

Alternatively, the residue in the moist or dry condition may be treated with formalin solution and dried in a warm oven. In the latter method about 10 ml. of 40 percent formalin may be added to 100 g. of moist residue. The proportion of formaldehyde to residue may vary over a wide range. It is merely necessary that the protein content of the residue be subjected to the formaldehyde in any of a variety of known ways and the excess formaldehyde removed either by washing the treated residue or by heating it fora short soap.) ltcqpossessed excellent 'abrasiveness and compared favorably with similar compositions containing more expensive abrasive ingredients. It was free of formaldehyde odor. A sample was placed in water, and a Kjeldahl analysis'revealed the absence of nitrogen in thesupernatant soap solution after one hour of stirring. The filtered .moist residuefailed to show signs of putrefaction after several weeks.

Example 2 The powderedmixture prepared as in Example l'was compressed into a test cake. It was used for a plurality .of hand washings and found to possess excellent abrasive and cleaning properties. The individual abrasive particles remained intact and showed no tendency to slip or leave the cake without the exertion of some mechanical 4 force. disagreeable sticky film remained and the loosened particles were mobile in the wash water and easily flushed away. After several months standing in the open air with occasional usage, the test cake exhibited no tendency toward discoloration or disintegration and developed no disagreeable odor. Throughout this time the desirable cleansing properties of the cake remained unchanged.

In the above examples the proportions may be varied considerably, the preferred range of abrasive content being about 40 percent by weight. The treated residue is readily compatible with any of the commonly used detergents or emulsifyingagents, such as for example, trisodium phosphate, washing soda, borax, lauryl sulfate, coconut oil soap; and'other alkali metal soaps. Such compositions show no tendency toward deterioration upon standing for periods as long as one year.

We claim: i I

1.'A composition for cleaning the skin comprising from about 30% to by weight, of formaldehyde treated dried meal comprising residual protein, said meal havingbeen obtained as a byproduct from the extraction of oil and other material from soybeanand being ofa particle size not substantially greater than ZQmesh, and from about 40% to by weight, ofa'fatty acid soap.

2. A skin-cleaning composition'in .cakeform comprising from about 30% to 60%, by weight, of formaldehyde-treated dried meal comprising residual protein, said meal having been obtained as a byproduct from the extraction of oil and other material from soybean and being of a particle size not substantially greater than 20 mesh, and fromabout 40% to 70%, by weight, of afatty acid soap.

LEONARDL. MCKINNEY. JOHN C. COWAN.

7 REFERENCES CIT-El) I x The following references are of record in the fileof thispatent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Date Number Name 1,803,159 Willsie Apr. 28, 1931 2,238,307 'Brother et al Apr. 15, 1941 FOREIGN PATENTS t l I Number Country Date Great Britain 1935 After washing and rinsing the hands, no r 

1. A COMPOSITION FOR CLEANING THE SKIN COMPRISING FROM ABOUT 30% TO 60%, BY WEIGHT, OF FORMALDEHYDE - TREATED DRIED MEAL COMPRISING RESIDUAL PROTEIN, SAID MEAL HAVING BEEN OBTAINED AS A BYPRODUCT FROM THE EXTRACTION OF OIL AND OTHER MATERIAL FROM SOYBEAN AND BEING OF A PARTICLE SIZE NOT SUBSTANTIALLY GREATER THAN 20 MESH, AND FROM ABOUT 40% TO 70%, BY WEIGHT, OF A FATTY ACID SOAP. 